Claochluithe tosaigh i ndiaidh an ailt sa tuiseal ginideach
Initial mutations on Irish nouns after the article in the genitive case
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Ainmfhocail bhaninscneacha san uimhir uatha
Feminine nouns in the singular
Patrún: [na] + [ainmfhocal sa tuiseal ginideach]
Pattern: [na] + [noun in the genitive case]
Braitheann claochlú tosaigh ar thúslitir an ainmfhocail.
Intial mutation depends on the noun's initial letter.
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Ainmfhocail dar tús guta
Nouns beginning with a vowel
Claochlú: cuirtear h roimh an ainmfhocal.
Mutation: prepend h to the noun
eaglaise (of a church) > na heaglaise (of the church)
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Ainmfhocail dar tús consan
Nouns beginning with a consonant
Gan chlaochlú.
No mutation.
bróige (of a shoe) > na bróige (of the shoe)
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Ainmfhocail fhirinscneacha san uimhir uatha
Masculine nouns in the singular
Patrún: [an] + [ainmfhocal sa tuiseal ginideach]
Pattern: [an] + [noun in the genitive case]
Braitheann claochlú tosaigh ar thúslitir an ainmfhocail.
Intial mutation depends on the noun's initial letter.
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Ainmfhocail dar tús guta
Nouns beginning with a vowel
Gan chlaochlú.
No mutation.
éin (of a bird) > an éin (of the bird)
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Ainmfhocail dar tús b, c, f, g, m, p (.i. gach consan ar féidir séimhiú a chur air ach amháin d, s, t)
Nouns beginning with b, c, f, g, m, p (i.e., all the aspirable consonants except d, s, t)
Claochlú: séimhiú.
Mutation: aspiration (lenition).
cait (of a cat) > an chait (of the cat)
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Ainmfhocail dar tús d, t, l, n, r
Nouns beginning with d, t, l, n, r
Gan chlaochlú.
No mutation.
dorais (of a door) > an dorais (of the door)
(Cé gur féidir séimhiú a chur ar d agus t i bprionsabal, ní shéimhítear iad sa chás seo.)
(Although d and t can be aspirated in principle, they are not aspirated in this case.)
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Ainmfhocail dar tús sl, sn, sr, s + guta
Nouns beginning with sl, sn, sr, s + vowel
Claochlú: cuirtear t roimh an s.
Mutation: prepend t to the s.
sleamhnáin (of a slide/slipway) > an tsleamhnáin (of the slide/slipway)
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Ainmfhocail dar tús sc, sl, sm, sp, st
Nouns beginning with sc, sl, sm, sp, st
Gan chlaochlú.
No mutation.
scannáin (of a film) > an scannáin (of the film)
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Ainmfhocail dar tús sb, sd, sf, sg, sh, ss
Nouns beginning with sb, sd, sf, sg, sh, ss
Níl aon fhocail sa teanga a thosaíonn ar na consain seo.
There are no such words in Irish.
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Ainmfhocail an dá hinscne san uimhir iolra
Nouns of both genders in the plural
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Ainmfhocail dar tús guta
Nouns beginning with a vowel
Claochlú: cuirtear n- roimh an ainmfhocal.
Mutation: prepend n- to the noun
eaglaisí (of churches) > na n-eaglaisí (of the churches)
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Ainmfhocail dar tús consan
Nouns beginning with a consonant
Claochlú: urú.
Mutation: eclipsis.
cat (of cats) > na gcat (of the cats)
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Michal Boleslav Měchura
valselob@hotmail.com